Marin-badeedka Malacca: Walaac ka soo cusboonaaday marin kale oo muhiim u ah ganacsiga caalamka

Iyadoo uu xiran yahay marinka Hormuz, oo ah mid ka mid ah marin-biyoodyada ugu muhiimsan adduunka, ayaa waxaa dhashay walaac ku saabsan marin kale oo muhiim u ah ganacsiga caalamiga.

Marinka Malacca, oo ku yaalla Koonfur-bari Aasiya, ayaa mar kale soo jiitay indhaha caalamka kaddib markii mas'uuliyiinta Indonesia ay xaqiijiyeen in Maraykanku soo jeediyay qorshe oggolaansho milatari oo guud oo lagu dul duulo hawada Indonesia. Wasaaradda arrimaha dibadda ee Indonesia ayaa sheegtay in weli go'aan la sugayo. Khubaradu waxay sheegeen in tallaabadan ay yeelan karto saameyn juqraafiyeed oo caalami ah.

Maxay tahay muhiimadda uu leeyahay marinka Malacca?

"Marinka Malacca waa mid aad muhiim u ah sababtoo ah waa waddo badeed tan ugu gaaban ee isku xirta Badweynta Hindiya iyo Badweynta Baasifigga, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid muhiim u ah ganacsiga u dhexeeya Bariga Dhexe, Yurub iyo Bariga Aasiya," ayay tiri Azifah Astrina, oo ah ardayad PhD ah oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Illinois Urbana Champaign ee Maraykanka, sidoo kalena ah khabiir goboleed qortay daraasad ku saabsan dhacdooyinka marin biyoodyada.

"Wuxuu si toos ah isku xiraa Badda Koonfurta Shiinaha, taas oo qiyaastii saddex-meelood meel uu ka gudbo ganacsiga adduunka" ayey tiri.

Meesha ugu ciririrsan adduunka, waxay u dhowdahay Singapore, qiyaastii waa 2.8 km oo keliya.

Sida ku cad warbixintii ugu dambeysay ee Hay'adda Macluumaadka Tamarta ee Maraykanka (EIA), 23.2 milyan oo foosto oo saliid ah ayaa maalin kasta mareysay Malacca lixdii bilood ee hore sanadkii 2025 taasoo u dhiganta qiyaastii 29% saliidda badda la marsiiyo ee caalamka.

Gokcay Balci, oo ah bare ka tirsan Jaamacadda Leeds ee UK, ayaa sheegay in marinkan sidoo kale uu yahay waddo muhiim ah oo la marsiiyo "qalabka elektarooniga ah, alaabta caadiga, alaabta warshadaha, mashiinnada iyo baabuurta."

"Qiyaastii 25% ganacsiga baabuurta adduunka ayaa mara. Cuntooyin ka qallalan sida masagada iyo lawska ayaa sidoo kale mara marinkan,"

Balci wuxuu intaas ku dary, "Marka la isku daro halka marinka ku yaal, ku-tiirsanaanta tamarta, mugga iyo noocyada alaabta, Marinka Malacca wuu ka duwan yahay Marinka Hormuz. Hormuz sidoo kale waa muhiim, laakiin ma ahan xarun kala-wareejin ganacsi oo la mid ah Malacca. Doorkiisu kuma koobna tamar oo keliya, balse wuxuu daboolaa alaabo kala duwan."

"Waa la oran karaa Malacca waa mid ka mid ah halbowlayaasha ugu muhiimsan ee dhaqaalaha caalamka,"

Marinka wuxuu sidoo kale u nugul yahay khataraha dabiiciga ah, sida sunaamiga iyo foolkaanaha. Sunaamigii dhacay sanadkii 2004-tii ayaa waxyeello weyn gaarsiiyay kaabayaasha xeebaha ee u dhow.

Waa maxay danta ku jirta?

Khubaradu waxay sheegayaan in muhiimada Malacca aysan ku koobneyn mid dhaqaale oo keliya, balse ay sidoo kale sii kordheyso xiisadda juqraafiyeed.

"Xiisadaha u dhexeeya Shiinaha iyo Maraykanka ama Hindiya ee ku saabsan maamulka badda ee gobolka waxay si weyn u carqaladeyn karaan marinkan," ayuu yiri Balci.

Astrina waxay sheegtay in joogitaanka militeriga Mareykanka ay hawada Indonesia ku yeelan karto saameyn muddo dheer ah.

"Waxaan u arkaa arrin keeni karta xasilooni darro dhanka qaab-dhismeedka ah, xitaa haddii aysan si degdeg ah u carqaladeyn ganacsiga" ayey tiri Astrina.

Cilmi-baaristeedu waxay muujineysaa in qaab-dhismeedka amniga ee hadda ka jira Marinka Malacca uusan u diyaarsaneyn in uu maareeyo tartanka quwadaha waaweyn.

"Waxaa loogu talagalay in uu wax ka qabto hanjabaadaha aan caadiga ahayn ee burcad-badeednimo, tahriibka iyo dambiyada badda. Looma dhisin in uu maareeyo tartanka quwadaha waaweyn," ayay tiri.

"Marka quwado weyn sida Maraykanka ay kordhiyaan joogitaankooda, waxay keeneysaa xaalad amni oo nidaamku uusan u diyaarsaneyn."

"Ma filayo in maraakiibta ganacsiga la carqaladeynayo. Waxaa si weyn loo doonayaa in ganacsiga sii socdo oo xoogeysto"

"Indonesia waxay u muuqataa in ay sameyneyso qorshe isku dheelitiran oo ah in ay iskaashi la sameyneyso Mareykanka halka dhanka kalena ay xiriir xoogan la leedahay Shiinaha"

'Malacca dilemma'

Sannadkii 2003-dii, madaxweynihii hore ee Shiinaha Hu Jintao ayaa soo qaaday erayga "dhibaatada Malacca" si uu u sharaxo sida Shiinuhu ugu tiirsan yahay marinkan.

Qiyaastii saddex-meelood laba meelood saliidda Shiinaha uu dibadda ka keensado iyo qiyaastii 60% ganacsigiisa badeed ayaa mara Marinka Malacca iyo Badda Koonfurta Shiinaha, sida ay muujinayaan xogta EIA iyo CSIS mashruuca ChinaPowert.

"Laakiin ma aha Shiinaha oo keliya dalalka ku tiirsan marinkan. Japan iyo Koonfur Kuuriya ayaa sidoo kale si weyn ugu tiirsan marinkan tamar ahaan, iyadoo qiyaastii 90% saliidda ay dibadda ka keensadaan soo marta marinkan," ayuu yiri Balci.

Wuxuu intaas ku daray in marinkan uu sidoo kale muhiim u yahay Singapore oo leh dakadda labaad ee ugu weyn adduunka.

Astrina waxay sheegtay in aysan suuragal aheyn in Shiinahu uu muddo dhow ka baxo ku tiirsananata marinkan.

"Wadooyin kale sida dhuumo shidaalka maro ama meel kale ayaa caawin kara Shiinaha balse ma badali karaan shaqada Malaca.

Sida ay qabto Astrina, Shiinuhu wuxuu diiradda saarayaa maareynta halkii uu ka kaaftoomi lahaa.

"Dhibaatada ma ahan in la yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta ee waa sida Shiinuhu u maareyo taas"

"Taasi waa sababta aan u aragno in Shiinaha uu diiradda saarayo meelo kale iyo sidoo kale kordhinta saameyntiisa iyo joogitaankiisa gobolka gaar ahaan Badda Koonfurta Shiinaha iyo waddooyinka muhiimka ah ee badda," ayay ku soo gabagabeysay.