Aiki mai haɗari: Yadda Amurka ke neman matuƙin jirgin yaƙinta a Iran

Rahotannin farko sun nuna yadda aka ceto matuƙin jirgin yaƙin nan samfurin US F-15 wanda ya rikito a Iran, idan an tabbatar da rahotanin zai kasance wannan shi ne aikin ceto da jami'an Amurka suka gudanar tsawon shekaru da dama.

Ana ci gaba da aikin neman sauran ma'aikatan jirgin a cikin Iran kamar yadda kafar yaɗa labarai ta CBS, mai hulɗa da BBC ta bayyana.

Aikin ganowa da ceto watau (CSAR) na daga cikin ayyuka masu tsananin wahala da Amurka da ƙawayenta suka shirya.

A Amurka an yiwa jami'an rundunar sojoji wani horo na musamman don aikin ceton kuma ana aikawa dasu kusa da yankin da ake rikici inda jirgi zai iya faɗuwa.

Yaya aikin neman ke kasancewa?

A taƙaice ayyukan CSAR ayyukan soji ne da aka yi tanadi musamman don ganowa da kuma ceto jami'an da suke neman taimako waɗanda suka haɗa da matuƙan jirgi da kuma sojojin da akanjibge a wani yanki.

Akwai banbanci tsakanin aikin ceto na al'ada - wanda zai iya faruwa ya yin ayyukan jin kai ko bayan faruwa wani ibtila'i - Ana gudanar da ayyukan CSAR a yankunan da ake cikin tsanani.

Kamar yadda a ranar Juma'a aka bayar da rahoton aikin ganowa da ceto a Iran - cikin yankin abokan gaba.

Ana gudanar da ayyukan CSAR da jirage masu saukar angulu tare da jirgin dakon mai da kuma rakiyar wasu jiragen soja don aikin sintiri da kai hari a yankin.

Wani tsohon kwamandan jami'an da suke saukowa ƙasa daga jiragen saman aikin ceton ya shaidawa CBS News cewa aikin ceto a Iran zai ƙunshi aƙalla jami'ai 24 da zasu sauko ƙasa su yiwa yankin ƙawanya cikin jirage masu saukar angulu samfurin Black Hawk.

Tawagar masu aikin ceton zasu sauko daga jiragen idan buƙatar haka ta so, kuma da zarar sun sauka ƙasa zasu fara tuntuɓar ma'aikacin jirgin da ya ɓata.

Bayan an gano su sai masu aikin ceton su basu agajin gaggawa tare da kaucewa abokan gaba sannan kuma su isa inda za a ɗauke su gabaɗaya in ji CBS.

"Aiki ne mai tsananin tsoratarwa ga kuma wahala," in ji tsohon kwamandan.

Bidiyon da aka tabbatar da ya fito daga Iran a ranar Juma'a ya nuna jiragen sama masu saukar angulu na sojan Amurka tare da jirgin da ke ɗauke da mai a lardin Khuzestan na Iran.

Lokaci na da matuƙar muhimmanci a aikin saboda akwai yiwuwar sojojin abokan gaba su je wurin don kamo jami'an Amurka da tawagar CSAR ke koƙarin ganowa.

Kafar yada labaran Iran ta ce jami'an Iran sun buƙaci ƴan ƙasar su gano ma'aikatan jirgin na Amurka da suka ɓace har ma akwai tukwicin ga duk wanda ya kamo su kuma ya kawo su a raye.

Daraktar Amurka da Arewacin Amurka a Chatham House, Laurel Rapp ta shaidawa shirin Radio 4 na BBC cewar idan Iran ta kama ma'aikatan jirgin za ta yi amfani da su wasu wajen buƙatun ta masu muhimmanci.

Wani tsohon ƙwararre kan ayyuka na musamman a rundunar sojojin ruwa ta Amurka Jonathan Hackett ya shaidawa BBC cewa abinda ya kamata tawagar aikin ceto da Amurka su yi shi ne su duba alamun motsin wani abu mai rai.

Hackett ya ce a irin wannan aikin ''za a iya tuntubar kungiyoyin ƴan asalin yankin tun da farko don taimakawa wajen aikin ceton cikin gaggawa''.

Tarihin aikin ceto na CSAR

Aikin ceto lokacin yaƙi ya samo asali ne tun daga lokacin da matuƙan jirgin ruwa na Yaƙin Duniya na ɗaya suka yi saukar gaggawa a Faransa don ceto abokan aikinsu da suka tarwatse sakamakon faduwar jirgi.

Rundunar sojojin Amurka ta gano zuriyarsu tun a shekarar 1943 inda wasu likitocin yaƙi guda biyu suka shiga cikin ƙasar Burma a lokacin - Myanmar - don taimakawa sojojin da suka jikkata.

An yi nasarar ceto jirgi mai saukar angulu na farko a duniya shekara guda bayan haka, lokacin da wani Laftanar na Amurka ya kubutar da sojoji hudu a bayan iyakokin Japan kamar yadda jaridar Smithsonian Air & Space Magazine ta bayyana. Abinda ya zama karo na farko da aka fara amfani da jirgi mai saukar ungulu wajen yaƙi.

Bayan rikicin ne kuma aka kafa sashen bincike da ceto a Amurka. Amma CSAR na zamani ya fara a aiki ne ya yin yaƙin Vietnam.

Wani aiki mai suna Bat 21, ya janyo asarar jiragen sama da kuma jikkatar Amurkawa da dama y ayin da yake kokarin kwato matukin jirgin da aka harbo a Arewacin Vietnam.

Tawagar masu ceto na sojin sama

Duk da yake kowane ɓangare na sojan Amurka yana da rawar da zai iya takawa a sashen ganowa da cewa watau CSAR, amma Rundunar Sojan Sama ta Amurka ce ke da alhakin ganowa da ceton jami'an soji.

Ana gudanar da wannan aikin da farko ta hanyar abin da aka sani da masu saukowa ƙasa daga cikin jirgin sama watau pararescue.

Taken pararescue n hukumance shi ne "Muna wannan aiki ne don ceton rayuka", kuma aiki ne da ya ɗauki alwashin ba za a bar Amurka a baya ba.

Waɗannan ma'aikatan sun sami horo a matsayin mayaƙa da ma'aikatan lafiya.

Ana zaɓo wadanda za a horar sannan a ɗauki shekaru biyu ana koyar da su yadda zasu diro ƙasa daga sama da adda zasu yi ninƙaya da yadda zasu jurewa wahala da kuma yadda zasu kuɓuce bugu da ƙari ana koyar da su aikin jinya irin na farar hula.

Sun kuma sami horo a fannin jinya a fagen yaƙi.

A ƙasa kuma tawagar na ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararrun Jami'an Ceto Yaƙi, waɗanda ke da alhakin tsarawa da kuma yadda za ceton zai kasance.

Aikin ceto da Amurka ta gudanar na baya-bayan nan

Tawagar masu aikin ganowa da ceto ta yi aiki lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe a Iraki da Afghanistan, inda suka gudanar da dubban ayyuka don ceto sojojin Amurka da na ƙawayen tada suka ji rauni ko kuma suka buƙaci fitarwa.

A shekara ta 2005 ayarin sojojin sama sun ƙwato wani sojin ruwa na Amurka wanda ya ji rauni kuma ya nemi mafaka a wani kauye da ke Afghanistan bayan da aka yi wa tawagarsa kwanton ɓauna tare da kashe wasu jami'ai uku - lamarin da aka mayar film ɗin Lone Survivor.

A shekarun baya bayan nan dai ayyukan ƙwato matuƙan jirgin Amurka da aka kakkaɓo ba su da yawa.

A shekara ta 1999 an gano matukin jirgin F-117 wanda aka harbo a ƙasar Serbia.

Wani lamari da ya faru a Bosnia a shekara ta 1995 inda aka yi nasarar ceto matukin jirgin Amurka Scott O'Grady ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da rundunar sojojin sama da na ruwa da kuma jami'an ganowa da ceto watau CSAR bayan an harbe shi sannan ya tserewa waɗanda zasu kama shi har tsawon kwanaki 6.